D’Ascanio, Vito and Greco, Donato and Menicagli, Elena and Santovito, Elisa and Catucci, Lucia and Logrieco, Antonio F. and Avantaggiato, Giuseppina (2019) The role of geological origin of smectites and of their physico-chemical properties on aflatoxin adsorption. Applied Clay Science, 118. pp. 1-16. ISSN 0169-1317
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Abstract
Since 2013, bentonite in the form of dioctahedral smectite is an additive authorised in the EU as a substance for the reduction of the contamination of feed by aflatoxins. Several studies indicate a big difference in the effectiveness of smectites in sequestering aflatoxins. A clear correlation between mineralogical and physico-chemical properties of smectites and aflatoxin adsorption has not been well established. In the effort to identify the most critical mineralogical, chemical, and physical properties that affect aflatoxin adsorption by smectites, 29 samples of bentonites obtained from different sources around the world were evaluated. “As received” samples were divided into two main groups, i.e. hydrothermal (n=14) and sedimentary (n=15) bentonites depending on their geological origin. The characterization studies showed that all samples contained dioctahedral smectite as major mineral; a moderate CEC value (60-116 cmol/kg); the presence of iron; a small organic matter content; a near-neutral pH; and a fine and uniform particle size (<45μm). They differed substantially in their sodium, calcium and magnesium contents, and in the swelling properties depending on the geological origin. Several in vitro adsorption studies showed that they also differed in a significant manner in adsorbing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). A correlation between geological origin and AFB1 adsorption capacity was found (p<0.001), being sedimentary smectites significantly more effective than hydrothermal ones in adsorbing the toxin at different pH values. The extent of AFB1 adsorption by all samples was negatively and linearly correlated to the extent of desorption, and sedimentary smectites were significantly more effective than hydrothermal smectites in keeping bound the adsorbed fraction of the toxin (p < 0.001). In addition, correlation studies using the Pearson statistical method showed a significant relationship among some physico-chemical properties of smectites and the amounts of adsorbed toxin. In particular, AFB1 adsorption by smectites correlated positively with sodium content and swell index, but negatively with d001-value, magnesium and calcium contents. In conclusion, it seems that the geological origin of smectite is a useful guide for the selection of bentonites for AFB1 detoxification. Sedimentary bentonites containing sodium/swelling-smectite should be preferred to hydrothermal samples as potential aflatoxin binders. Taking into account the geographical origin of our samples, this approach should be applicable to bentonites worldwide.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Aflatoxins, Smectites, Sedimentary bentonites, Hydrothermal bentonites, Adsorption, Desorption |
| Subjects: | 500 Scienze naturali e Matematica > 540 Chimica e scienze connesse |
| Depositing User: | Mr Pasquale Del Vecchio |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Sep 2020 15:07 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Sep 2020 15:07 |
| URI: | http://eprints.bice.rm.cnr.it/id/eprint/19254 |
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