Impact of biodiesel use on soot particle emission and regeneration particulate filter process of a modern diesel engine

Beatrice, Carlo and Di Iorio, Silvana and Guido, Chiara and Napolitano, Pierpaolo and Del Giacomo, Nicola (2010) Impact of biodiesel use on soot particle emission and regeneration particulate filter process of a modern diesel engine. Technical Report. CNR, Napoli.

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Abstract

It is well know that from an environmental point of view, the use of biofuels can contribute to a significant well-to-wheel (WTW) reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Biofuels can be classified in first generation and second generation biofuels. First generation biodiesel designates a wide range of methyl-esters blends (generally indicated with the acronym FAME, Fatty-Acid Methyl Esters) characterized by a lower LHV and higher oxygen content. They are obtained from vegetable oils and animal fat by means of a transesterification process, and interfere with the human chain. The second generation biofuels have minor interferences with the human chain and present a better stability in the chemical properties. These fuels can be obtained from biomass, gas, etc… by means of a Fisher- Tropsh synthesis process. They are usually indicated with XTL, where X denotes the specific source feedstock and TL (to Liquid) highlights the final liquid state of the fuel. Several studies showed that biodiesels can have a remarkable impact on engine performance, such as Fuel Consumption (FC) and full torque/power performance, and even more significant on pollutant emissions, mainly for the modern electronically controlled diesel engines [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. General Motors is one of the largest producers of diesel engines for passenger cars and light-trucks application in EU, Asia-Pacific and US markets and considers of high importance the test on biodiesels to analyse their effect on engine performances and emissions. Great attention was devoted also to the interaction between biofuels and aftertreatment devices, such as diesel particulate filter (DPF). To this aim, a cooperative project between GM Europe and Istituto Motori of CNR was established. The particles emission in terms of mass, number concentration and size was investigated during the regeneration of a DPF with either a conventional diesel fuel that biofuels. In particular, measurements were performed with a fresh and aged Rapeseed- and palm-oil-based methyl-ester (RME). The measurements were carried out at the exhaust of a CR Diesel engine equipped with a Close Coupled DPF. The soot particles characterization was performed by means of a Microsoot Sensor, for soot mass concentration measurement, and a differential mobility spectrometer for particles sizing and counting.

Item Type:	Monograph (Technical Report)
Subjects:	600 Tecnologia - Scienze applicate > 620 Ingegneria e attivita' affini > 620.1 Meccanica e materiali dell'ingegneria (Classificare qui la Meccanica applicata)
Depositing User:	Rosina Serpe
Date Deposited:	15 Jul 2011 09:14
Last Modified:	15 Jul 2011 09:14
URI:	http://eprints.bice.rm.cnr.it/id/eprint/3358

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