The effects of alcohol on cognition in the elderly : from protection to neurodegeneration

Sinforiani, Elena and Zucchella, Chiara and Pasotti, Chiara and Casoni, Francesca and Bini, Paola and Costa, Alfredo (2011) The effects of alcohol on cognition in the elderly : from protection to neurodegeneration. Functional Neurology, 26 (2). pp. 103-106. ISSN 1971-3274

PDF portiere.pdf - Published Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (510kB) | Request a copy

Abstract

The effects of chronic alcohol abuse on cognition are well known. Memory and executive functions appear to be the cognitive domains primarily impaired, and prefrontal and frontal damage is reported on neuroimaging studies both at micro- and macrostructural levels. Abstinence can partially reverse these alterations through mechanisms of neuroplasticity. Alcohol acts in a dose-dependent fashion, and a light-to-moderate consumption indeed has protective effects on cardiovascular risk factors and promotes anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative processes. In the elderly on such a regimen, several epidemiological studies have reported a decreased risk of both coronary and cerebrovascular disease and of dementia. However, because of data heterogeneity and the presence of several confounding variables, further studies are needed to clarify these findings. In addition, the complexity of alcohol neurobiology (interaction of alcohol effects with genetic predisposition and environmental factors) and the occurrence of age-related changes should also be taken into account. As dementia, stroke and cardiovascular disease are the leading causes of mortality in older people in developed countries, a better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the effects of alcohol intake may be helpful from the perspective not only of medical management but also of social health policy

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	alcohol abuse, cognitive disturbances, dementia, elderly
Subjects:	600 Tecnologia - Scienze applicate > 610 Medicina e salute (Classificare qui la tecnologia dei servizi medici) > 616 Malattie (classificare qui la Clinica medica, la medicina basata sull'evidenza, la Medicina interna, la Medicina sperimentale) > 616.8 Malattie del sistema nervoso e disturbi mentali (Classificare qui la Neuropsichiatria, la Neurologia) 600 Tecnologia - Scienze applicate > 610 Medicina e salute (Classificare qui la tecnologia dei servizi medici) > 616 Malattie (classificare qui la Clinica medica, la medicina basata sull'evidenza, la Medicina interna, la Medicina sperimentale) > 616.8 Malattie del sistema nervoso e disturbi mentali (Classificare qui la Neuropsichiatria, la Neurologia) > 616.86 Abuso di sostanze (Tossicodipendenza) (Classificare qui l'assuefazione, la dipendenza, l'intossicazione, l'uso continuo) > 616.861 Alcol (Classificare qui l'alcolismo)
Depositing User:	Danilo Dezzi
Date Deposited:	25 Nov 2011 12:32
Last Modified:	03 Feb 2016 09:49
URI:	http://eprints.bice.rm.cnr.it/id/eprint/3516

Actions (login required)

View Item