Mobilità veicolare, emissioni inquinanti e impatti sulla salute pubblica

Fistola, Romano and Gallo, Mariano and La Rocca, Rosa Anna (2009) Mobilità veicolare, emissioni inquinanti e impatti sulla salute pubblica. TeMA Trimestrale del Laboratorio Territorio Mobilità e Ambiente - TemaLab, 2 (2). pp. 47-58. ISSN 1970-9870

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Abstract

The air pollution due to road traffic represents a real environmental emergency, in particular in urban and metropolitan contexts with high population density. The admitted maximum values of air pollutants are frequently exceeded and it forces local administrations to intervene with limitations of vehicular circulation. Several epidemiologic studies have highlighted as the atmospheric pollution produces serious damages to the human health. In particular, the thin powders, or particular matter, (PM10) are considered one of more dangerous pollutants for the human health. This article deals with a more extended research that proposes to specify a model tool to estimate the effects on human health produced by pollutant emissions due to road traffic, in regional and urban areas. Generally, the estimation of the effects on human health should be obtained by the estimation of pollutant emissions, of pollutant concentrations, of the exposure level to such pollutants (percentage of population exposed, duration of the exposure, etc.), and by the definition of the consequences of the exposure on the human health. The limit of this procedure consists on the application to little territorial areas (for example the effects of a single infrastructure) in linited time (peak-hours, time bands, etc.); furthermore the estimation models of concentrations are, generally, not much reliable, since the continuous variations of atmospheric conditions (winds, temperatures, precipitations, etc.) and of the urban pattern (urban canyons, etc). In this research we propose to examine, for different territorial ambits (regional, provincial and/or communal) the correlation between the annual total emissions (for surface unit or according to other territorial and/or environmental factors) of pollutants and the mortality and morbidity rates related to the polluting emissions. The first ones can be estimated using international consolidated procedures (COPERT) and the second ones using official epidemiologic statistic data. The examination of correlation between these two factors for different territorial areas (for example for different Italian regions and provinces, classified by homogenous anthropic and territorial characteristics) can lead to specify mathematical models that can be able to estimating the relation between mortality and morbidity rates and specific emissions. The application of these models allows to estimate the effects on the health due to pollutant emissions and, therefore, to evaluate the effects of reducing or increasing emissions produced by urban mobility management.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	L'articolo propone un approccio innovativo alle problematiche della sicurezza urbana focalizzandosi sulla necessità di garantire migliori livelli di qualità della vita attraverso il monitoraggio e la riduzione del traffico veicolare in ambito urbano
Uncontrolled Keywords:	salute pubblica, sicurezza urbana, inquinamento veicolare
Subjects:	600 Tecnologia - Scienze applicate > 620 Ingegneria e attivita' affini > 628 Ingegneria sanitaria; Urbanistica tecnica; Tecnologia della tutela ambientale
Depositing User:	Rosa Anna La Rocca
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2009
Last Modified:	13 Oct 2014 07:46
URI:	http://eprints.bice.rm.cnr.it/id/eprint/1013

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